{"id":2806,"date":"2021-06-30T15:53:11","date_gmt":"2021-06-30T13:53:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/?p=2806"},"modified":"2021-11-21T13:28:35","modified_gmt":"2021-11-21T12:28:35","slug":"socialisticky-clovek-nemoze-byt-homosexual-tabu-ktore-zneuzivala-stb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/socialisticky-clovek-nemoze-byt-homosexual-tabu-ktore-zneuzivala-stb\/","title":{"rendered":"Socialistick\u00fd \u010dlovek nem\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 homosexu\u00e1l. Tabu, ktor\u00e9 zneu\u017e\u00edvala \u0160tB"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"block-0bae83f6-29db-4573-a068-6faf40a0e5e6\"><strong>Autor textu: <strong>Mark\u00e9ta Bernatt-Reszczy\u0144sk\u00e1<\/strong>c<\/strong> \/ <strong>Preklad: Marek Hudec<\/strong> \/ <strong>Foto: <strong>Barbora \u017dentelov\u00e1, Pam\u011b\u0165 n\u00e1roda<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Text sme prv\u00fd raz publikovali v \u010d\u00edsle Jar 2021<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V\u00fdstava <\/strong><strong><em>Loading: love<\/em><\/strong><strong> o&nbsp;\u017eivote queer \u013eud\u00ed v&nbsp;minulom storo\u010d\u00ed sa v marci presunula do \u010ceskej republiky. Jej s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou je aj nov\u00fd text vych\u00e1dzaj\u00faci zo spomienok \u010desk\u00fdch pam\u00e4tn\u00edkov. Prin\u00e1\u0161ame v\u00e1m ho v preklade.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201eNeexistovala jedin\u00e1 inform\u00e1cia o homosexualite. Za komunistov t\u00edto \u201a\u00fachyl\u00e1ci\u2018 akoby ani neexistovali, preto\u017ee v&nbsp;komunizme bolo v\u0161etko dokonal\u00e9,\u201c opisuje situ\u00e1ciu v&nbsp;dobe pred rokom 1989 Jana Koci\u00e1nov\u00e1. Narodila sa v&nbsp;roku 1948 v&nbsp;Prahe, ke\u010f sa homosexualita trestala ako \u201esmilstvo proti pr\u00edrode\u201c v\u00e4zen\u00edm od p\u00e4\u0165 rokov pod\u013ea trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1konn\u00edka e\u0161te z&nbsp;doby rak\u00fasko-uhorskej monarchie. \u010eal\u0161\u00ed trestn\u00fd z\u00e1konn\u00edk z&nbsp;roku 1950 trestnos\u0165 homosexuality zachov\u00e1val, hoci sa komunisti v&nbsp;medzivojnovom obdob\u00ed hl\u00e1sili k&nbsp;my\u0161lienke jej dekriminaliz\u00e1cie. Po vzore stalinsk\u00e9ho Sovietskeho zv\u00e4zu, ktor\u00fd homosexualitu pova\u017eoval za bur\u017eo\u00e1zny jav a jej kriminaliz\u00e1ciu vyu\u017e\u00edval na vytv\u00e1ranie siete inform\u00e1torov spomedzi homosexu\u00e1lov, v&nbsp;paragrafe 241 sa p\u00edsalo: \u201eKto sa pohlavne st\u00fdka s&nbsp;osobou rovnak\u00e9ho pohlavia, bude potrestan\u00fd od\u0148at\u00edm slobody a\u017e na jeden rok.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ke\u010f Jana Koci\u00e1nov\u00e1 dospievala a&nbsp;za\u010dala si uvedomova\u0165, \u017ee sa l\u00ed\u0161i od spolu\u017eia\u010dok, ktor\u00fdm sa p\u00e1\u010dil nov\u00fd u\u010dite\u013e, k\u00fdm&nbsp;ju o\u010darila u\u010dite\u013eka, homosexualita prestala by\u0165 trestnou. Na konci roka 1961 vst\u00fapil do platnosti nov\u00fd trestn\u00fd z\u00e1konn\u00edk, ktor\u00e9ho paragraf 244 stanovil trest \u201elen\u201c za pohlavn\u00fd styk s&nbsp;osobou rovnak\u00e9ho pohlavia mlad\u0161ou ako 18 rokov, za zaplaten\u00fd styk a&nbsp;za styk, ktor\u00fd budil verejn\u00e9 pohor\u0161enie. Aj ke\u010f k&nbsp;dekriminaliz\u00e1cii prispela \u0161t\u00fadia \u010deskoslovensk\u00fdch sexuol\u00f3gov, ktor\u00ed v&nbsp;odbornom posudku pre pr\u00e1vnick\u00fa komisiu uviedli, \u017ee homosexualita nepredstavuje pre spolo\u010dnos\u0165 nebezpe\u010denstvo, nesprev\u00e1dzala ju \u017eiadna osvetov\u00e1 kampa\u0148 a&nbsp;publikovanie inform\u00e1ci\u00ed o&nbsp;homosexualite. Aj na\u010falej bola pova\u017eovan\u00e1 za \u00fachylku, za tabu. Mlad\u00ed \u013eudia s&nbsp;inou sexu\u00e1lnou orient\u00e1ciou \u017eili v&nbsp;temnote a&nbsp;samote.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>O dekriminaliz\u00e1ciu homosexuality sa pok\u00fa\u0161ala v&nbsp;\u010dasoch prvej republiky skupina lek\u00e1rov a pr\u00e1vnikov. Argumentovali, \u017ee homosexualita je vroden\u00e1 a ned\u00e1 sa lie\u010di\u0165 a \u017ee homosexu\u00e1lne spr\u00e1vanie neporu\u0161uje nikoho pr\u00e1va, napriek tomu, \u017ee z\u00e1kon vytv\u00e1ra podmienky pre vydieranie. V&nbsp;roku 1931 za\u010dal v&nbsp;\u010ceskoslovensku vych\u00e1dza\u0165 \u010dasopis Hlas sexu\u00e1lnej men\u0161iny, ktor\u00fd propagoval my\u0161lienku<em> \u201ezrovnopr\u00e1vnenia homosexu\u00e1lnych os\u00f4b s&nbsp;heterosexu\u00e1lnymi pred z\u00e1konom aj pred spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou. Po\u010das existencie prvej republiky sa nepodarilo prija\u0165 nov\u00fd trestn\u00fd z\u00e1kon, a&nbsp;homosexualita tak zostala trestnou.<\/em><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/Jana-Kocianova-s-Inge-v-Budapesti-v-roce-1972-722x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2887\" width=\"361\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/Jana-Kocianova-s-Inge-v-Budapesti-v-roce-1972-722x1024.jpg 722w, https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/Jana-Kocianova-s-Inge-v-Budapesti-v-roce-1972-494x700.jpg 494w, https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/Jana-Kocianova-s-Inge-v-Budapesti-v-roce-1972-1083x1536.jpg 1083w, https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/Jana-Kocianova-s-Inge-v-Budapesti-v-roce-1972.jpg 1185w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 361px) 100vw, 361px\" \/><figcaption>Jana Koci\u00e1nov\u00e1 s Inge v Budape\u0161ti v roku 1972<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A&nbsp;zrazu sa to stane<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jana Koci\u00e1nov\u00e1 si svoju odli\u0161nos\u0165 naplno uvedomila ako sedemn\u00e1s\u0165ro\u010dn\u00e1 na turnaji v&nbsp;rak\u00faskom Linzi. Od \u0161trn\u00e1stich hrala z\u00e1vodne stoln\u00fd tenis a&nbsp;jej \u00faspechy jej umo\u017enili cestova\u0165 do zahrani\u010dia.<strong> <\/strong>\u201e\u0160li sme tri \u0161portovkyne a sedem funkcion\u00e1rov, ktor\u00ed n\u00e1s str\u00e1\u017eili,\u201c hovorila o situ\u00e1cii v&nbsp;roku 1965. Na z\u00e1vere\u010dnom ve\u010dierku po turnaji sa Jana zamilovala do rak\u00faskej \u0161portovkyne Inge. \u201eOtvorili sa dvere a vst\u00fapila \u017eena, n\u00e1dhern\u00e1, prekr\u00e1sna bytos\u0165, nielen vizu\u00e1lne, a nie\u010do sa stalo, \u00faplne som stuhla, na ten okamih nikdy nezabudnem,\u201c spom\u00ednala si. S&nbsp;Inge sa zbl\u00ed\u017eili na \u010fal\u0161om turnaji v&nbsp;Rak\u00fasku a obe pritom t\u00e1pali a nerozumeli, \u010do sa s&nbsp;nimi deje. V&nbsp;Rak\u00fasku bola homosexualita st\u00e1le trestn\u00e1, k&nbsp;jej legaliz\u00e1cii pri\u0161lo a\u017e v&nbsp;roku 1971. \u201eRak\u00fa\u0161ania s\u00fa e\u0161te v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed purit\u00e1ni,\u201c vysvet\u013euje Jana a dod\u00e1va, \u017ee ich fyzick\u00fd vz\u0165ah pova\u017eovala za prejav l\u00e1sky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To, \u017ee ide o lesbick\u00fd vz\u0165ah, si Jana uvedomila a\u017e vtedy, ke\u010f si pre\u010d\u00edtala knihu <em>Stud\u0148a osamelosti<\/em> od spisovate\u013ea Radclyffe Halla z roku 1928, ktor\u00e1 vy\u0161la v&nbsp;\u010deskom preklade u\u017e v&nbsp;roku 1931 a nesk\u00f4r v&nbsp;roku 1969. \u201eJe to biblia lesieb. Bola to prv\u00e1 kniha, v&nbsp;ktorej bol pop\u00edsan\u00fd mne podobn\u00fd pr\u00edbeh diev\u010da\u0165a pri\u0165ahovan\u00e9ho \u017eenami,\u201c hovorila.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Prvou krajinou sveta, v&nbsp;ktorej dekriminalizovali homosexu\u00e1lny styk, bolo Franc\u00fazsko. V&nbsp;roku 1791 prijalo porevolu\u010dn\u00fd trestn\u00fd z\u00e1konn\u00edk. V&nbsp;roku 1795 ho nasledovalo Belgicko a&nbsp;v&nbsp;roku 1811 Holandsko. Homosexualita prestala by\u0165 trestnou v&nbsp;roku 1922 v&nbsp;novovzniknutom Sovietskom zv\u00e4ze, jeho prv\u00e9 dva porevolu\u010dn\u00e9 trestn\u00e9 z\u00e1konn\u00edky paragraf o&nbsp;trestan\u00ed homosexu\u00e1lneho styku vynechali. V&nbsp;roku 1933 sovietska vl\u00e1da pod veden\u00edm Josifa Stalina homosexualitu op\u00e4\u0165 kriminalizovala a&nbsp;trestala a\u017e piatimi rokmi tvrdej pr\u00e1ce. Trestnos\u0165 homosexuality trvala v&nbsp;ZSSR a\u017e do roku 1993. V&nbsp;roku 1990 bola homosexualita vy\u0161krtnut\u00e1 z&nbsp;Medzin\u00e1rodnej klasifik\u00e1cie chor\u00f4b Svetovej zdravotn\u00edckej organiz\u00e1cie.<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ich vz\u0165ah na dia\u013eku vydr\u017eal napriek \u017eeleznej opone a&nbsp;obmedzenej mo\u017enosti cestova\u0165 dvan\u00e1s\u0165 rokov, a\u017e do pred\u010dasnej smrti Inge. Jana svoju sexu\u00e1lnu orient\u00e1ciu tajila pred svojou mamou, mlad\u0161\u00edm bratom aj pred kolegami v&nbsp;pr\u00e1ci. D\u00f4vodom bola spolo\u010densk\u00e1 aj pracovn\u00e1 diskrimin\u00e1cia homosexu\u00e1lov. Ich pr\u00e1va nechr\u00e1nil \u017eiadny z\u00e1kon, a&nbsp;tak mohli by\u0165 pre svoju sexu\u00e1lnu orient\u00e1ciu prepusten\u00ed. Kv\u00f4li nedostatku inform\u00e1ci\u00ed navy\u0161e v&nbsp;spolo\u010dnosti kolovali predsudky, homosexu\u00e1li boli ter\u010dom posmechu a&nbsp;opovrhnutia. Jana Koci\u00e1nov\u00e1 pracovala v&nbsp;70. rokoch na pra\u017eskom magistr\u00e1te, vtedy N\u00e1rodnom v\u00fdbore hlavn\u00e9ho mesta Prahy, a&nbsp;svojimi schopnos\u0165ami a&nbsp;pracovitos\u0165ou sa vypracovala na v\u00fdznamn\u00fa poz\u00edciu, hoci nebola \u010dlenkou KS\u010c. Neust\u00e1le \u010delila nar\u00e1\u017ekam, pre\u010do sa nevyd\u00e1 a&nbsp;pre\u010do nem\u00e1 deti. Z\u00e1mienkou jej bol \u0161port, v&nbsp;tej dobe st\u00e1le hrala z\u00e1vodne stoln\u00fd tenis \u2013 extraligu za Spartu. Aj tak uva\u017eovala, \u017ee vst\u00fapi do man\u017eelstva, aspo\u0148 naoko.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201eNajhor\u0161\u00ed bol neust\u00e1ly stres, musela som zosta\u0165 utajen\u00e1, utajen\u00e1, utajen\u00e1. Do poslednej chv\u00edle. To bolo najhor\u0161ie. Preto\u017ee to ostatn\u00e9 \u2013 to sme rie\u0161ili s\u00fakromn\u00fdmi \u017e\u00farmi, uzavret\u00fdmi spolo\u010dnos\u0165ami,\u201c spom\u00ednala si na dobu normaliz\u00e1cie. Nakoniec sa nevydala a&nbsp;jej pr\u00ed\u0165a\u017elivos\u0165 k&nbsp;\u017een\u00e1m sa prezradila v&nbsp;jej pr\u00e1ci. Dostala okam\u017eit\u00fd \u201evyhadzov\u201c. V&nbsp;novom zamestnan\u00ed, v&nbsp;Projektovom \u00fastave dopravn\u00fdch a&nbsp;in\u017einierskych stavieb, bola nakoniec spokojnej\u0161ia. V&nbsp;s\u00fakromnom \u017eivote \u010delila \u0161ikane soci\u00e1lnych pracovn\u00ed\u010dok kv\u00f4li v\u00fdchove syna svojej partnerky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201ePredvolali si n\u00e1s do \u0161koly, tam u\u017e sedela komisia a&nbsp;ja som sa musela udr\u017ea\u0165, aby som sa nesmiala. Oni neboli schopn\u00ed pomenova\u0165 n\u00e1\u0161 vz\u0165ah, chodili okolo hor\u00facej ka\u0161e, bolo to st\u00e1le tabu,\u201c opisovala Koci\u00e1nov\u00e1 situ\u00e1ciu v&nbsp;\u0161kole, po ktorej ich ob\u010das nav\u0161tevovali soci\u00e1lne pracovn\u00ed\u010dky. \u201eTvrdili, \u017ee id\u00fa len skontrolova\u0165, ako die\u0165a \u017eije, \u010di je umyt\u00e9 a&nbsp;nak\u0155men\u00e9.\u201c S&nbsp;nepochopen\u00edm sa stretla aj vo svojej rodine, \u0161vagrin\u00e1 jej zak\u00e1zala stret\u00e1va\u0165 sa s&nbsp;neterami, \u201eaby ich nenakazila\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/Frantisek-Bloudek-mladi_mensia-732x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2885\" width=\"366\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/Frantisek-Bloudek-mladi_mensia-732x1024.jpg 732w, https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/Frantisek-Bloudek-mladi_mensia-500x700.jpg 500w, https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/Frantisek-Bloudek-mladi_mensia-1098x1536.jpg 1098w, https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/Frantisek-Bloudek-mladi_mensia-1463x2048.jpg 1463w, https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/Frantisek-Bloudek-mladi_mensia.jpg 1715w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 366px) 100vw, 366px\" \/><figcaption>Franti\u0161ek Bloudek<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Podozriv\u00fd mlad\u00edk<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Podobn\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti ako Jana Koci\u00e1nov\u00e1 m\u00e1 aj jej vrstovn\u00edk Franti\u0161ek Bloudek. V&nbsp;dobe svojej mladosti v&nbsp;Otviciach m\u00e1rne h\u013eadal ak\u00e9ko\u013evek inform\u00e1cie o&nbsp;homosexualite. Tu\u0161il, \u017ee sa od svojich spolu\u017eiakov odli\u0161uje, no v&nbsp;\u010dom presne, to zistil a\u017e pred maturitou v\u010faka n\u00e1hode. Odi\u0161iel \u0161tudova\u0165 do Prahy na Vysok\u00fa \u0161kolu po\u013enohospod\u00e1rsku a&nbsp;vyu\u017eil anonymitu metropole. Nav\u0161tevoval miesta, kde sa stret\u00e1vala homosexu\u00e1lna komunita, pravidelne chodil do k\u00fape\u013eov Koruna. Po relat\u00edvnej slobode, ktor\u00fa za\u017e\u00edval po\u010das \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed, pri\u0161li \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 chv\u00edle v&nbsp;prvom zamestnan\u00ed v&nbsp;po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskom odbore V\u00fdboru \u013eudovej kontroly \u010cSSR. Pekn\u00e9ho mlad\u00edka chceli zbali\u0165 kolegyne a&nbsp;Franti\u0161ek sa stal ich odmietav\u00fdm podozriv\u00fdm. O&nbsp;jeho inej sexu\u00e1lnej orient\u00e1cii sa ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom dozvedel riadite\u013e podniku:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201eV pr\u00e1ci som bol celkom ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fd, stala sa v\u0161ak nepr\u00edjemn\u00e1 vec: mal som pomer s&nbsp;jedn\u00fdm chlapcom, ktor\u00e9mu nesk\u00f4r diagnostikovali syfilis. Pod\u013ea z\u00e1kona musel tak\u00fd \u010dlovek nahl\u00e1si\u0165 lek\u00e1rom v\u0161etky svoje int\u00edmne kontakty. Z&nbsp;ordin\u00e1cie mi volali na pracovisko a&nbsp;priamo riadite\u013eovi. Ten bol prirodzene zvedav\u00fd, \u010do sa deje. Doktor mu to ako s\u00fadruh s\u00fadruhovi priamo povedal. Klebetami sa po celom \u00farade roznieslo, \u017ee som tepl\u00fd. Atmosf\u00e9ra ochladla, potemnela, riadite\u013eka person\u00e1lneho \u00faradu, ktor\u00e1 bola do m\u0148a predt\u00fdm za\u013e\u00faben\u00e1, ma prestala zdravi\u0165 a&nbsp;malo to r\u00f4zne in\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky.\u201c Franti\u0161ek sa nakoniec rozhodol zo zamestnania na vlastn\u00fa \u017eiados\u0165 od\u00eds\u0165. Nedorozumenie poznamenalo aj jeho vz\u0165ah so s\u00farodencami. \u201eMyslia si, \u017ee homosexualita je vec osobn\u00e9ho rozhodnutia. Ke\u010f\u017ee ne\u010d\u00edtaj\u00fa, nevedia, pre\u010do je \u010dlovek homosexu\u00e1l. Myslia si, \u017ee si to vybral, aby nemal starosti, preto\u017ee je to sebec.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Osvetov\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky o&nbsp;tom, \u017ee homosexualita nie je devi\u00e1cia, ani vec vo\u013eby, sa za\u010dali v&nbsp;\u010deskoslovensk\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00e1ch objavova\u0165 v&nbsp;80. rokoch z&nbsp;iniciat\u00edvy sexuol\u00f3gov Anton\u00edna Brzka a&nbsp;Jaroslava Zv\u011b\u0159inu. Noviny a&nbsp;\u010dasopisy pritom odmietali zverej\u0148ova\u0165 zoznamovacie inzer\u00e1ty typu \u201eMu\u017e h\u013ead\u00e1 mu\u017ea,\u201c \u010di \u201e\u017dena h\u013ead\u00e1 \u017eenu\u201c. Ke\u010f Franti\u0161kovi pri\u0161lo odmietav\u00e9 stanovisko so zd\u00f4vodnen\u00edm, \u017ee od roku 1985 plat\u00ed z\u00e1kaz zverej\u0148ova\u0165 homosexu\u00e1lne inzer\u00e1ty, poslal s\u0165a\u017enos\u0165 \u010ceskej n\u00e1rodnej rade. Dozvedel sa, \u017ee je to kv\u00f4li prevencii kriminality. Homosexualitu si sp\u00e1jali s&nbsp;n\u00e1sil\u00edm a&nbsp;podsvet\u00edm. \u201eZ\u00e1le\u017ealo na s\u00fadru\u017eke pri priehradke,\u201c poznamenala k&nbsp;z\u00e1kazu zoznamovac\u00edch inzer\u00e1tov Jana Koci\u00e1nov\u00e1 s&nbsp;t\u00fdm, \u017ee niekedy pre\u0161li inzer\u00e1ty so skryt\u00fdmi odkazmi ako \u201eH\u013ead\u00e1m kamar\u00e1tku na dovolenku. Zna\u010dka: Nau\u010d\u00edm jazyky.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/Libuse-Jarkovjacova-2_mensia-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2886\" width=\"512\" height=\"288\" srcset=\"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/Libuse-Jarkovjacova-2_mensia-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/Libuse-Jarkovjacova-2_mensia-700x394.jpg 700w, https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/Libuse-Jarkovjacova-2_mensia-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/Libuse-Jarkovjacova-2_mensia-2048x1152.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><figcaption>Libu\u0161e Jarcovj\u00e1kov\u00e1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>T\u00e9\u010dko a&nbsp;Pek\u00e1\u010d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V&nbsp;Prahe sa mohli homosexu\u00e1li stret\u00e1va\u0165 v&nbsp;dvoch kluboch \u2013 v \u201ePek\u00e1\u010di,\u201c teda podniku U&nbsp;Petra Voka na Sm\u00edchove, a&nbsp;v \u201eT\u00e9\u010dku\u201c pri Jungmannovom n\u00e1mest\u00ed. Uvo\u013enen\u00fa atmosf\u00e9ru t\u00fdchto podnikov v&nbsp;rokoch 1983 \u2013 1985 zachytila fotografka Libu\u0161a Jarcovj\u00e1kov\u00e1: \u201eOd prv\u00e9ho d\u0148a som vedela, \u017ee sa mi to p\u00e1\u010di a&nbsp;\u017ee by som tam ve\u013emi chcela foti\u0165,\u201c spom\u00ednala si, s&nbsp;t\u00fdm, \u017ee do klubu sa nechodilo niekoho zbali\u0165, ale jednoducho by\u0165 na p\u00e1r hod\u00edn sam\u00fdm sebou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fotila len t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed s\u00fahlasili. \u201eNechcela som odfoti\u0165 niekoho, kto to nechcel, kto s&nbsp;t\u00fdm nie je vysporiadan\u00fd, \u017ee bude na z\u00e1bere z&nbsp;tak\u00e9hoto prostredia. To bol d\u00f4vod, pre\u010do som v\u0161etko fotila s&nbsp;bleskom. Aby som bola vidite\u013en\u00e1. Napokon, bolo tam ve\u013ea \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed e\u0161te nemali za sebou coming-out. A&nbsp;boli tam mnoh\u00ed, ktor\u00ed nechceli, aby som ich tajomstvo vyniesla von.\u201c Mnoh\u00ed svoju orient\u00e1ciu tajili a&nbsp;\u017eili dvojit\u00fd \u017eivot, niektor\u00ed v \u201enorm\u00e1lnych\u201c man\u017eelstv\u00e1ch, \u010d\u00edm boli \u013eah\u0161ie vydierate\u013en\u00ed \u0160t\u00e1tnou bezpe\u010dnos\u0165ou. T\u00e1 svojich inform\u00e1torov z\u00edskavala spomedzi utajovan\u00fdch homosexu\u00e1lov raziami na verejn\u00fdch z\u00e1chodoch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201ePam\u00e4t\u00e1m si neskuto\u010dn\u00fa raziu pri Jir\u00e1skovom moste. Pracovn\u00fd de\u0148, letn\u00e9 popoludnie, most obsypan\u00fd \u201a\u010dumilmi\u2018, a&nbsp;tam zo z\u00e1chodov vyviedli skupinu asi \u00f4smich mu\u017eov s&nbsp;aktovkami a&nbsp;v\u0161etk\u00fdch preverovali,\u201c popisuje Jarcovj\u00e1kov\u00e1 z\u00e1\u017eitok z&nbsp;\u010dias normaliz\u00e1cie. \u201eTo bolo neuverite\u013ene poni\u017euj\u00face. A&nbsp;s&nbsp;t\u00fdm cie\u013eom to robili. Probl\u00e9m bol, \u017ee \u010dlovek, ktor\u00fd svoju identitu nevyrie\u0161il spolo\u010densky, nechcel, aby sa to o&nbsp;\u0148om vedelo, a&nbsp;teda sa dal \u013eahko vydiera\u0165,\u201c myslela si. Libu\u0161a Jarcovj\u00e1kov\u00e1 s&nbsp;fotografovan\u00edm prestala, ke\u010f si ju predvolali na pol\u00edciu, aby svoje z\u00e1bery poskytla pri vy\u0161etrovan\u00ed vra\u017edy. \u201eUvedomila som si, \u017ee je to obrovsk\u00fd probl\u00e9m; \u017ee nem\u00f4\u017eem ukazova\u0165 svoj arch\u00edv a&nbsp;fotografie, ktor\u00e9 som vyhotovila v&nbsp;presved\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee bud\u00fa sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 len mne a&nbsp;mo\u017eno komunite. Nena\u0161la som silu v&nbsp;tom pokra\u010dova\u0165, preto\u017ee som si uvedomila, ak\u00e9 je to problematick\u00e9.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>Pr\u00edbehy Jany Koci\u00e1novej, Franti\u0161ka Bloudeka a&nbsp;Libu\u0161e Jarcovj\u00e1kovej zo zbierky <em>Pam\u011b\u0165 n\u00e1roda<\/em> s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou putovnej v\u00fdstavy <em>Loading: love<\/em>, ktor\u00e1 mapuje hist\u00f3riu LGBT+ komunity v&nbsp;\u010ceskoslovensku a&nbsp;Ma\u010farsku v&nbsp;20. storo\u010d\u00ed. Na Slovensku bola v Novej Cvernovke a v \u010ceskej republike v&nbsp;Prahe na Al\u0161ovom n\u00e1bre\u017e\u00ed pri Rudolf\u00edne. V\u00fdstavu pripravila histori\u010dka Jana Jablonick\u00e1 Zezulov\u00e1 a&nbsp;slovensk\u00e9 divadlo Nomantinels s&nbsp;grafikom Eugenom Kordom. Spomienky pam\u00e4tn\u00edkov a pam\u00e4tn\u00ed\u010dok nakr\u00fatil Adam Drda pre zbierku <em>Pam\u011b\u0165 n\u00e1roda<\/em>, ktor\u00fa spravuje neziskov\u00e1 organiz\u00e1cia Post Bellum v\u010faka podpore s\u00fakromn\u00fdch darcov.<\/strong> <strong>V\u00fdstavu podporili Vi\u0161egradsk\u00fd fond a&nbsp; Program Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie Eur\u00f3py pre ob\u010danov.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-3 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Postbellumloadinglove_11_mensia-682x1024-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"2965\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Postbellumloadinglove_11_mensia-682x1024-1.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/blog\/socialisticky-clovek-nemoze-byt-homosexual-tabu-ktore-zneuzivala-stb\/postbellumloadinglove_11_mensia-682x1024-1\/\" class=\"wp-image-2965\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Postbellumloadinglove_14a_mensia-682x1024-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"2966\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Postbellumloadinglove_14a_mensia-682x1024-1.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/blog\/socialisticky-clovek-nemoze-byt-homosexual-tabu-ktore-zneuzivala-stb\/postbellumloadinglove_14a_mensia-682x1024-1\/\" class=\"wp-image-2966\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Postbellumloadinglove_28-1_mensia-1024x697-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"2967\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Postbellumloadinglove_28-1_mensia-1024x697-1.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/blog\/socialisticky-clovek-nemoze-byt-homosexual-tabu-ktore-zneuzivala-stb\/postbellumloadinglove_28-1_mensia-1024x697-1\/\" class=\"wp-image-2967\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Co-funded by the Europe for Citizens Programme of the European Union.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/info\/departments\/justice-and-consumers\/justice-and-consumers-funding-tenders\/funding-programmes\/previous-programmes-2014-2020\/europe-citizens-efc_en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/europe-for-citizens-4-1024x178.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2960\" width=\"256\" height=\"45\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Autor textu: Mark\u00e9ta Bernatt-Reszczy\u0144sk\u00e1c \/ Preklad: Marek Hudec \/ Foto: Barbora \u017dentelov\u00e1, Pam\u011b\u0165 n\u00e1roda Text sme prv\u00fd raz publikovali v \u010d\u00edsle Jar 2021 V\u00fdstava Loading: love o&nbsp;\u017eivote queer \u013eud\u00ed v&nbsp;minulom storo\u010d\u00ed sa v marci presunula do \u010ceskej republiky. Jej s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou je aj nov\u00fd text vych\u00e1dzaj\u00faci zo spomienok \u010desk\u00fdch pam\u00e4tn\u00edkov. Prin\u00e1\u0161ame v\u00e1m ho v preklade. \u201eNeexistovala <a href=\"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/socialisticky-clovek-nemoze-byt-homosexual-tabu-ktore-zneuzivala-stb\/\" class=\"more-link\">&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":2892,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,9,13,258],"tags":[266,321,104,172],"class_list":["post-2806","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pribehy-lgbti-ludi","category-queer-historia","category-viditelnost","category-vizualne-umenie","tag-from-qys","tag-historia-lgbt","tag-loading-love","tag-queer-vystava"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2806","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2806"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2806\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3129,"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2806\/revisions\/3129"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2892"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2806"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2806"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2806"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}