Organiz\u00e1ciu Resource LGBTQIA Moscow zalo\u017eila Yulia Malygina ako psychologick\u00fa podporn\u00fa skupinu v centre Moskvy v roku 2011. V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti organiz\u00e1cia prev\u00e1dzkuje centrum pre soci\u00e1lne, psychologick\u00e9 a kult\u00farne projekty, zameran\u00e9 na sp\u00e1janie LGBTI komunity v Moskve. Cie\u013eom organiz\u00e1cie je poskytova\u0165 soci\u00e1lnu a psychologick\u00fa podporu \u010dlenom LGBTI komunity, ich rodin\u00e1m a bl\u00edzkym. T\u00fdmto sp\u00f4sobom podporuj\u00fa soci\u00e1lne a kult\u00farne iniciat\u00edvy, zameran\u00e9 na rozvoj komunity a informovanie, osvetu a presadzovanie tolerancie vo\u010di LGBTI komunite u \u0161pecialistov v pomocn\u00fdch profesi\u00e1ch. Yulie sme sa p\u00fdtali na situ\u00e1ciu LGBTI \u013eud\u00ed v Rusku, na to ako z\u00e1kony ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa p\u00f4sobenie u\u010dite\u013eov i na situ\u00e1ciu v m\u00e9di\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n
V roku 2013 za\u010dalo Rusko s implement\u00e1ciou tzv. z\u00e1kona o gay propagande, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 ochr\u00e1ni\u0165 deti pod 18 od homosexu\u00e1lnej propagandy. Ako priamo ovplyv\u0148uje tento z\u00e1kon \u0161koly – presnej\u0161ie u\u010dite\u013eov a ich pr\u00e1cu?<\/strong><\/p>\n Vyskytli sa pr\u00edpady, kedy boli u\u010ditelia diskriminovan\u00ed a prenasledovan\u00ed – \u010di u\u017e preto, lebo boli LGBTI, alebo iba vyslovili podporu LGBTI komunite na soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach. T\u00e9my sexu\u00e1lnej orient\u00e1cie a rodovej identity s\u00fa na \u0161kol\u00e1ch de facto zak\u00e1zan\u00e9 a rovnako sa o nich nesmie diskutova\u0165 v akejko\u013evek forme. Pod\u013ea ofici\u00e1lnych d\u00e1t v Rusku neexistuj\u00fa \u017eiadni LGBTI teenageri. Hlavnou t\u00e9zou je to, \u017ee nie\u010do ako homosexualita neexistuje – existuj\u00fa len perverzn\u00ed teenageri, ktor\u00fdch niekto zviedol alebo sa dostali online bez doh\u013eadu, na\u0161li si nejak\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie a „stali sa gaymi“. Tento poh\u013ead podporuj\u00fa re\u0161pektovan\u00e9 verejn\u00e9 osoby.<\/p>\n Ak\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom ovplyv\u0148uje tento z\u00e1kon rusk\u00e9 m\u00e9di\u00e1?<\/strong><\/p>\n Prakticky je tento z\u00e1kon \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 implementova\u0165, funguje teda najm\u00e4 ako n\u00e1stroj na zastra\u0161ovanie. Text z\u00e1kona je tak\u00fd v\u00e1gny, \u017ee je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 niekoho zatkn\u00fa\u0165 alebo pokutova\u0165, ale dok\u00e1\u017ee ve\u013emi efekt\u00edvne vyvol\u00e1va\u0165 strach. Aj masov\u00e9 m\u00e9dia s\u00fa odstra\u0161en\u00e9 t\u00fdm, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e1 zmienka o LGBTI vy\u017eaduje n\u00e1lepku \u201e18+\u201c. Bohu\u017eia\u013e, pr\u00edbehy LGBTI sa teda daj\u00fa n\u00e1js\u0165 iba v nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00e1ch. A t\u00fdch u\u017e v krajine mnoho nie je.<\/p>\n A ako ovplyv\u0148uje tento z\u00e1kon a situ\u00e1cia vo v\u0161eobecnosti \u017eivot LGBTI \u013eud\u00ed? <\/strong><\/p>\n Ja osobne mus\u00edm by\u0165 opatrnej\u0161ia a pam\u00e4ta\u0165 na to, \u017ee m\u00f4j \u017eivot a moje aktivity by mohli pritiahnu\u0165 nechcen\u00fa pozornos\u0165: napr\u00edklad aj susedov, ktor\u00ed by sa mohli s\u0165a\u017eova\u0165. Strach narast\u00e1 a niekedy m\u00e1m pocit, \u017ee sa uzatv\u00e1ram pr\u00e1ve vtedy, ke\u010f by som chcela by\u0165 otvoren\u00e1, len aby som sa vyhla nechcenej pozornosti.<\/p>\n A ako to vyzer\u00e1 u LGBTI aktivistov? <\/strong><\/p>\n Museli sme za\u010da\u0165 na na\u0161ich akci\u00e1ch kontrolova\u0165 doklady, aby sme si boli ist\u00ed, \u017ee nie s\u00fa pr\u00edtomn\u00e9 \u017eiadne neplnolet\u00e9 osoby a to u \u013eud\u00ed ur\u010dite nevyvol\u00e1va pocit istoty. A ak sa na n\u00e1s teenageri obr\u00e1tia so \u017eiados\u0165ou o radu \u010di pomoc (napriek z\u00e1kazom a z\u00e1konom), mus\u00edme im poskytova\u0165 na\u0161u podporu tajne.<\/p>\n Ako vn\u00edma spolo\u010dnos\u0165 celkovo LGBTI \u013eud\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n Potom, ako bol schv\u00e1len\u00fd spom\u00ednan\u00fd z\u00e1kon, sa zv\u00fd\u0161ila miera homof\u00f3bie v krajine, ako aj po\u010det n\u00e1siln\u00fdch incidentov a pr\u00edpadov emocion\u00e1lneho n\u00e1tlaku. \u013dudia sa vracaj\u00fa sp\u00e4\u0165 k skr\u00fdvaniu svojej sexu\u00e1lnej orient\u00e1cie a rodovej identity. Situ\u00e1cia je rovnako komplikovan\u00e1 pre LGBTI rodiny s de\u0165mi, ktor\u00e9 sa boja, \u017ee by ich mohli strati\u0165. Tieto rodiny nem\u00f4\u017eu otvorene vyh\u013ead\u00e1va\u0165 pomoc<\/p>\n Existuj\u00fa nejak\u00e9 zn\u00e1me osobnosti, o ktor\u00fdch verejnos\u0165 vie, \u017ee s\u00fa LGBTI a ktor\u00e9 podporuj\u00fa t\u00fato t\u00e9mu? <\/strong><\/p>\n V pr\u00edpade celebr\u00edt kles\u00e1 po\u010det podporn\u00fdch vyjadren\u00ed. Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee je to kv\u00f4li tomu, ko\u013eko tlaku poci\u0165uj\u00fa. V Rusku nie s\u00fa \u017eiadne verejne zn\u00e1me osobnosti, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa po coming-oute. V tomto momente je jedin\u00fdm mo\u017en\u00fdm zdrojom podpory politick\u00e1 opoz\u00edcia.<\/p>\n \u010co pova\u017eujete za aktu\u00e1lne najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie t\u00e9my, ktor\u00e9 je potrebn\u00e9 rie\u0161i\u0165 s oh\u013eadom na LGBTI komunitu v Rusku?<\/strong><\/p>\n Mnoho LGBTI \u013eud\u00ed zva\u017euje odchod z Ruska. Je to t\u00e9ma, o ktorej sa ve\u013ea diskutuje, najm\u00e4 medzi LGBTI aktivistami, ktor\u00ed u\u017e poc\u00edtili tlak od vl\u00e1dnych in\u0161tit\u00faci\u00ed. Aktivisti, ktor\u00ed ost\u00e1vaj\u00fa v Rusku s\u00fa pokutovan\u00ed a ost\u00e1vaj\u00fa pod v\u0161eobecn\u00fdm tlakom. \u010eal\u0161\u00edm d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom je bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 – ma\u0165 pocit bezpe\u010dnosti a ma\u0165 miesto, kde je mo\u017en\u00e9 sa bez strachu zhroma\u017e\u010fova\u0165. To je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pre aktivistov a \u201evyoutovan\u00fdch\u201c LGBTI \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Rozhovor s Yuliou Malyginou, zakladate\u013ekou Resource LGBTQIA Moscow.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":1006,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,259],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1005","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pribehy-lgbti-ludi","category-rozhovory"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1005","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1005"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1005\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2612,"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1005\/revisions\/2612"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1006"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1005"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1005"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/duhovyrok.sk\/qys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1005"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}